It's not as big a difference as you might think.
Ethanol contains roughly 80% of the btus of gasoline. So if the mix is 10% ethanol, you still have 98% of the btu as before. So you can expect 2% less btu and hence, mpg. So if you were getting 16 mpg before with straight gasoline, it will "plummet" to 15.68 mpg with 10% ethanol.